Divorce valuing stock options unvested

Divorce valuing stock options unvested

Author: sexyboy Date: 21.07.2017

Employee Stock Options and Divorce. As the stock market continues to rise, divorce attorneys are involved in more and more cases involving stock options. The grant of stock options to key employees is now common in high technology companies and is becoming popular in many other industries as part of an overall equity compensation strategy. Larger, publicly traded companies such as Pepsico, Starbucks, Travelers Group, Bank of America, Merck and the Gap now give stock options to almost all of their employees.

Many non-high tech closely held companies are joining the ranks as well. Traditionally, stock option plans have been used as a way for companies to reward top management and "key" employees and link golden handcuff their interests with those of the company and other shareholders.

More and more companies, however, now consider all of their employees as "key. More than a third of large United States companies now have broad-based stock option plans covering all or a majority of their employees--more than double the rate that existed in In a survey of 1, public companies conducted by Share Data, Inc.

Since this trend shows no apparent sign of slowing down, matrimonial attorneys must be ready to address the unique issues that arise therefrom. This article will explain the basic nature of employee stock options, how they are valued, taxed and ultimately distributed incident to divorce.

What is an Employee Stock Option? There is no question that "stock options" are assets subject to equitable distribution. However, simply to say that they are assets is not enough to guide the matrimonial litigator.

We must first understand the basic nature and definition of a stock option. Basically, a "stock option" is "the right to purchase a specified number of shares of stock for a specified price at specified times, usually granted to management and key employees. The price at which the option is provided is called the "grant" price and is usually the market price at the time the options are granted.

Generally, stock options are an incentive to stimulate the efforts of key employees and to strengthen the desire of employees to remain in the employment of the corporation. Such incentives do not apply to retired employees.

Stock option plans can be a flexible way for companies to share ownership with employees, reward them for performance, and attract and retain a motivated staff. For growth-oriented smaller companies, options are a great way to preserve cash while allowing employees a piece of future growth. They also make sense for public firms whose benefit plans are well established, but who want to include employees in ownership. By issuing stock options, a company potentially dilutes the value of existing shares.

In an option contract "time is of the essence.

The courts reject the inevitable breach of contract and forfeiture claims that employees, former employees and other stock option holders press when they fail to timely exercise their options.

Although this rarely becomes an issue in divorce litigation, it is something to keep in mind in order to avoid severe economic loss to either party or a potential malpractice claim. Are there different kinds of stock options, and how are they taxed? Generally, stock options come in two basic categories: Simply put, the difference between an ISO and a NQSO turns on its compliance with specific Internal Revenue Code requirements at the time of grant which ultimately effects how the option is taxed.

Incentive stock options are granted to individuals for reasons connected to their employment.

5 Things To Know About Stock Options and Restricted Stock in Divorce | DailyWorth

As a result they may only be granted to employees. They must also be approved by the shareholders of the corporation and granted at fair market value.

NQSOs, on the other hand, may be granted to both employees and independent contractors, and their beneficiaries. An employee will not realize any taxable income upon the grant or exercise of an ISO. Concomitantly the corporation is not entitled to a deduction upon the exercise of the option.

If the employee sells the stock within two years after the option is granted and within one year after the option is exercised, ordinary income will be realized in an amount equal to the lesser of 1 the excess of the fair market value of the shares at the date of exercise over the option price, or 2 the excess of the amount realized on the disposition over the option price.

If the individual holds the shares for two years after the grant of the ISO and one year after exercise of the ISO, the difference between the sale price and the option price will be taxed as a capital gain or a loss.

Regarding a NQSO, the holder "employee" of a non-statutory option must recognize income at the time the option is granted if the option has a "readily ascertainable fair market value" at the time of grant. If the option is not transferable and does not have a "readily ascertainable fair market value," no income will result to the individual upon the granting of the option.

When the non-qualified stock option is exercised, the individual is taxed at ordinary income rates on the difference between the fair market value of the stock and the exercise price of the option. When the individual sells the stock, a capital gain or loss will be incurred on the difference between the amount received for the stock and its tax basis. Typically the tax basis is equal to the fair market value at the time of the exercise of the option. The capital gain would be either long term or short term depending on the length of the time the shares were held after exercise.

If the option is "actively traded on an established market" the code considers the option to have a "readily ascertainable fair market value. Any profit is a short term capital gain, taxable at ordinary income rates. The code establishes four conditions necessary for an option that is not "actively traded on an established market" to meet the "readily ascertainable fair market value" standard: All four conditions must be met.

Since these conditions are seldom satisfied, most non-qualified, non-statutory stock options not traded on an established market, do not have a readily ascertainable value. There is another factor to consider that can apply to both incentive and non-qualified stock options. Some companies are offering options with a reload feature. A reload option provides for automatic grants of additional options whenever an employee exercises previously granted options.

If the stock that is received upon the exercise of the option is restricted property, the taxation is deferred until the restrictions lapse. Frequently employees receive restricted stock for services. Pursuant to Internal Revenue Code Section 83 ban individual can elect to recognize the fair market value of the shares, ignoring the restrictions, as income at the time of the award; if a Section 83 b election is made, the holding period for capital gains purposes commences at the time of the election, otherwise the holding period begins to run at the conclusion of the restriction.

Based upon the foregoing, it may be appropriate to tax effect executive stock options for purposes of equitable distribution.

This is because executive stock options have a fixed expiration date and therefore must be exercised and sold. The resulting tax is inevitable and therefore should be considered. How are Stock Options Valued? There are various methods to arrive at a present value for stock options. The two most popular are the "intrinsic value" and the "Black-Scholes" method. In the accounting profession formally recognized that executive stock options have value beyond their intrinsic value.

In addition, the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model was recognized as an appropriate method to calculate the value of executive stock options by the accounting profession. Interestingly, the Financial Accounting Standards Board FASB specifically stated that, "an employee's stock option has value when it is granted regardless of whether, ultimately a the employee exercises the option and purchases stock worth more than the employee pays for it or b if the option expires worthless at the end of the option period.

In the intrinsic value method, the value of the stock option is equal to the difference between the option exercise price and the fair market value of the stock. However, the intrinsic value method does not consider the value to the holder of having the right to buy the stock at some point into the future at a predetermined price. It also does not consider the volatility of the underlying stock as well as the incumbent advantages and disadvantages of same.

Moreover, it does not consider the advantages and disadvantages of the option holder not receiving the stock's dividends as well as the opportunity cost of purchasing the stock and forgoing the lost interest on the acquisition funds. One method that considers the above-referenced items is the Black-Scholes Method. You can see the Black-Scholes formula by clicking here. The explanations of the letter designations for the other variables in the Black-Scholes formula are: The first part of the calculation determines the expected benefit of purchasing the stock outright.

The second part of the calculation determines the present value benefit of paying the exercise price in the future. The difference is the fair market value of the option.

However, an underlying problem with the Black-Scholes Method is that it makes assumptions concerning the volatility of the stock, future dividend rates, and lost interest. A change in these underlying assumptions can affect the value of the option calculated pursuant to this method. The following table provides a summary of how a change in one of these assumptions will affect the value of the stock options calculated under the Black-Scholes Method.

A common misconception in the valuation of long term options is that an option value is best represented by its intrinsic value. In fact, based on the various Black-Scholes factors, stock options which are "out of the money," i. How Are Stock Options Distributed In Matrimonial Matters?

Generally, the methods to distribute stock options usually fall into two categories: Where one party argues that a portion of the stock options are non-marital, then an issue arises as to what portion of the stock options whether distributed through method 1 or 2 above, should be granted to the non-employee spouse. This is dealt with in more detail under the next section of this article. The Deferred Distribution Method is likely the most common manner in which options are distributed and was utilized in one of the earliest New Jersey cases dealing with stock options incident to divorce, to wit: In that case, the trial court ruled that stock options acquired by a husband during the course of the marriage were subject to equitable distribution notwithstanding the fact that the options would terminate if the husband left the company within a certain period of time and the fact that they were subject to various SEC regulations.

The court impressed a constructive trust on the husband in favor of the wife for a portion of the stock options owned by him in order to best effect the distribution of property between the parties without creating undue financial and business liabilities. It should be noted that all of the options were granted during the course of the marriage. However, although not specifically stated, it appears that some or all of the options were not fully vested since they were subject to divestiture under certain circumstances.

The second mode of distribution is the Present Valuation Method. In this method, the stock options must be valued with the non-employed spouse receiving her share of the marital portion in cash or cash equivalent. Such a method should use discounts for mortality, interest, inflation and any applicable taxes. The downside of this "off-set method" is that it may become inequitable in the event that the employee spouse is either unable to exercise the options or, on the date they become exercisable, they are "worthless" i.

A review of out-of-state authority indicates that matrimonial courts differ on the method of distribution of stock options depending upon the nature of the options themselves, whether they are vested or unvested, transferable or salable. If the options are able to be transferred to the non-employee spouse, that is the preferred method of distribution, since it effects a clean break between the parties; there is no need for further communication between the parties and there is anyoption binary options system memory need to use valuation methodologies.

However, transfer of stock options is rarely permitted by employee stock option plans. Some courts have devised other methods, including but not limited to allowing the parties to be tenants-in-common, or allowing the non-employee spouse to order the employee spouse to exercise his or her respective portion of the options, upon furnishing the capital to do so.

This is similar to the constructive trust solution devised in the Callahan case previously discussed. Trial courts are accorded broad discretion in fashioning an approach to fit the facts of the individual case. As a practice point, please note that when distributing options in kind, consideration should be given that neither party violates any insider trading rules.

For example, it may be a violation if the participating spouse advises the non-participating spouse that he or she intends to exercise his options in the near future. Another concern about the distribution of options in kind is that they can lapse if the individual's employment with the company is terminated, either voluntarily or involuntarily.

Determining the non-employed spouse's distributive share. What happens when the employed spouse argues that some of the options are unvested or were otherwise "not acquired during the marriage" and therefore not distributable to the other spouse? The New Jersey Approach.

New Jersey courts have made it clear that it is necessary to balance the need for definitiveness embodied in the date of complaint rule i. Whereas courts of many other states have employed the "time-rule formula" approach to determine what portion of stock options should be subject to distribution see belowNew Jersey courts have laid the groundwork in a more general fashion. Basically, assets or property acquired after the termination of the marriage, but as a reward for or result of efforts expended during the marriage, normally will be includable in the marital estate and thus, subject to equitable distribution.

The law in New Jersey recognizes that assets acquired by gainful labor during the marriage or as a reward for such labor are distributable while assets acquired after dissolution due solely to the earner's post-complaint efforts constitutes the employed spouse's separate property.

The seminal case in the State of New Jersey regarding the distribution of how much money do minor leaguers make options is the Supreme Court case of Pascale. In that case, the parties were married on June supermarkets in stockton california hiring, A complaint for divorce was filed on October 28, The wife began her employment with the Liposome Company on April 14, at which time she was immediately granted the option to purchase 5, stock options excel worksheet of stock in said company.

As of the date of trial, the wife owned 20, stock options awarded between April 14, and November 15, There were two blocks of stock options in dispute i. These were granted approximately ten days after the wife filed for divorce.

There was no indication of whether the options were vested in whole or in part, however, it is assumed that these options were "unvested". Her position was that these options were not subject to distribution because the 1, were issued in recognition of past performance and the 4, options were awarded in forex tester 1 registration key of a job promotion that imposed increased responsibility on her in the future.

The wife relied on the transmittal letters about the commodity futures trading commission her company to support her arguments. The trial court found that neither of the two blocks of options granted on November 7, could be excluded from equitable distribution and were to be divided equally.

However, the Appellate Division found that one of the two sets of options awarded on November 7, should have been included in the marital estate while the other should have been excluded. The Appellate Division based that decision sophisticated strategy for profitable binary options its interpretation of the facts, finding that the block of 4, options granted where can i buy preferred stock cologne recognition of a promotion in job responsibility and an increase in salary was "more appropriately However, as to the block of 1, options, the Appellate Division found that these options were granted in recognition of past asx stock exchange opening hours performance.

Therefore, these options were properly includable in the marital estate notwithstanding the date of complaint rule. In reversing the Appellate Court, the Supreme Court in Pascale concentrated on N. Painter, that "property clearly qualifies for distribution when it is attributable to the expenditure of effort by either spouse during the marriage. To refute such a presumption, the party seeking exclusion of the asset must bear "the burden of establishing such immunity [from equitable distribution] as to any particular asset.

The Pascale court concluded that "stock options awarded after the marriage is terminated but obtained as a result of efforts expended during the marriage should be subject to equitable distribution. The inequity that would result from applying inflexibility to the date of complaint rule is obvious. Therefore, it appears that the Supreme Court agreed with the goals sought to be achieved by the Appellate Division, but did not agree with their conclusions based on the record below.

The Supreme Court gave greater weight to the "credible finding" made by the trial court after listening to many days of testimony that the promotion came about as a result of the excellent service that the wife had provided to the company during the marriage. Query, what would binary options one touch option NJ Supreme Court have done if it determined that a exchange rates euro to dollars of options were awarded for a mix of pre and post marital efforts?

What if there is no clear indication as to why the options are granted? What if the options are unvested and require future work effort to fully vest? These circumstances often exist and are where things get murky.

New Jersey has not adopted a clear and precise method to determine what portion of options which have yet to be fully earned should be distributed.

New Jersey's approach provides for a much more subjective analysis and room for advocacy than in other states which utilize various formulaic approaches including a coverture factor or time-rule usually taking into account vesting schedules. Like New Jersey, the majority of states in this country do consider unvested stock options to be property subject to distribution in marital dissolution proceedings.

Such was the recent ruling of the appellate court in Pennsylvania in the case of MacAleer. The Pennsylvania Appellate Court addressed the issue of whether stock options granted to a spouse during the marriage, but not exercisable until after the date of separation, constitutes marital property to be divided during the divorce. That court's reasoning parallels, to a large degree, the majority of the other states which hold that unvested stock options are marital property.

Analogizing their prior decisions determining that unvested pensions were subject to distribution, the court noted that benefits resulting from employment during marriage are marital, since these benefits are received in lieu of higher compensation which would have been utilized during the marriage to acquire other assets or to raise the marital standard of divorce valuing stock options unvested. Only a handful of states have specifically held otherwise.

These states are Indiana, Colorado, Illinois, North Carolina, Ohio and Oklahoma. North Carolina and Indiana do not divide unvested stock options on the basis of the state's statutory definition of "property. These states award the unvested stock supermarkets in stockton california hiring to the employee spouse as separate property not to be considered for equitable distribution.

These decisions are requotes in forex upon the fact that they are heavily influenced by statutes which define property in those jurisdictions. However, the remaining states which have addressed the issue, do find unvested stock options to be marital property and generally follow the same procedure for determining how much, if any, of the options constitute marital property.

Many jurisdictions, like New Jersey, view the first consideration to be a determination of whether the options were granted for past, present or future services. However, most courts have learned that employee stock options are not usually granted for any one reason, and could be compensation for past, present and future services. As a result, these courts sought some structure to determining the distributable share.

The options that are clearly given to the employee spouse as compensation or incentive for future services are wholly non-marital property. The options clearly granted exclusively for past or present services are fully marital property. There is no need for the court to utilize a coverture factor or time stock market widget apple fraction for either category in order to determine the marital interest since they are wholly marital or non-marital property as the case may be.

The problems arise when the reasons are unclear, where the options are unvested currency options bring reward alternatives include an indiscernable mix of pre and post marital efforts.

Most out-of-state courts which have addressed distribution of unvested stock options use a "coverture factor" or "time rule fraction" to determine how much, if any, of the unvested stock options constitute marital property. The most prevalent time rule fraction has evolved from that which was used by the California Court of Appeals in Hug.

The trial court in Hug found that the number of options that were community property were a product of a fraction; the numerator was the period in months between the commencement of the spouse's metastock formula swing trade by the employer and the date of separation of the parties, and the denominator was the period in months between commencement of employment and the date when the first option is exercisable, multiplied by the number of shares that can be purchased on the date that the option is first exercisable.

The remaining options were found to be the separate property of the husband. The husband in Hug agreed that the options were subject to how to use money flow index indicator in forex according to the time rule; however, he contended that the trial court used an erroneous formula.

He argued that the proper time rule should begin as of the date of granting the option, not the date of commencement of employment, since the options were not granted as an incentive to become employed. He argued further that each annual option was a separate and distinct option which is compensation for services rendered during that year, and as it was to accrue after the date of separation, it was totally his separate property.

The court examined the various reasons why corporations confer stock options to employees, and found that no single characterization could be given to employee stock options. Whether they can be characterized steve cohen stock trader compensation for past, present, or future services, or all three, depends upon the circumstances involved in the grant of the employee stock option.

By including the two years of employment prior to the granting of the options in question, the trial court implicitly found that period of service contributed to earning the option rights at issue. The appellate court found that this was supported by ample evidence in the record.

Various versions of coverture factors have evolved as courts addressed different factual circumstances. The recent Wendt case out of Connecticut entails a voluminous decision in which the court surveys the states which addressed the issue of division of unvested stock options, and notes the competing arguments and the most common numerators and denominators in diverse forms of the coverture factors.

A brief summary of the Wendt court's decision as to stock options is helpful to understanding the approach of many courts to the issue forex brokers with free welcome bonus unvested stock options.

According to the December 31, unaudited financial statement prepared by KPMG Peat Marwick, LLP, the husband ownedshares of General Electric Vested Stock Options and Appreciation Rights in the following amounts: The unaudited financial statements used the "intrinsic value" method, with a December 31, New York Stock Exchange price of G. On May 12,G. As of the date of separation, December 1,G. As of October 7,G. Based on the facts found, the court divided thevested stock options and appreciation rights based on the date of separation, December 1, In rejecting a Black-Scholes approach in favor of the "intrinsic value" method, the trial court valued the vested options as follows: The court noted that this amount was before taxes.

The court additionally noted that the options had no cash value until exercised at which point there would be tax due at short term capital gains tax rates, i. The court distributed one-half of that sum to the wife. The court found that the doubling of the G.

The Wendt court then proceeded to address theunvested stock options differently. The court had already concluded that only a portion of these unvested stock options was marital property. The court had also concluded that the unvested stock options were granted for future services.

Therefore, a coverture factor was required. The coverture factor was determined by a fraction as follows: Number of Months from the Date of Grant to December 1, over Number of Months from the Date of Grant to the Date of Vesting and are not Subject to Divestment X Number of Shares to be Vested at that Date of Vesting. Since there were eight separate dates of vesting, eight separate coverture factors had to be calculated. For example, the coverture factor utilized for the 70, units granted on September 10, which vested on September 10, was as follows: The court then took the price of the G.

This was represented as follows: The court then explored the various risk factors associated with the unvested stock options. It is helpful to review the various scenarios explored by the Connecticut court concerning what could happen to effect the unvested stock options. The court had basically rejected the wife's expert's valuation methodologies which included "Black-Scholes" and opted to use the "intrinsic value" to obtain the appropriate value.

The court then determined the wife's share of the intrinsic value of the unvested stock options i. The court then proceeded to award the wife half of this sum. The court ordered the husband to pay the sum in cash and not in any portion of the options. A similar approach was taken in the case of In re Marriage of Short. In this case, the court held that the inclusion of the unvested stock options in the pool of distributable assets depended on whether the options were granted to compensate the employee for past, present or future employment.

The court held that unvested options awarded for past and present services were marital property regardless of the continuing restriction on transfer or vesting. Unvested options granted for future services were deemed to be acquired periodically in the future as the options vest and are subject to a time rule division to allocate the shares between marital community and non-marital separate property.

A different time rule than in the Hug case was used to differentiate between vested options that are clearly separate property for which no time rule would be applied, and those which include both a community effort and separate effort. Just recently, New York joined the substantial majority of states holding that "restricted stock and stock option benefit plans provided by a spouse's employer constitute marital property for the purposes of equitable distribution, where the plans come into being during the marriage but are contingent on the spouse's continued employment with the company after the divorce.

The DeJesus court laid out the following four-step procedure to guide courts in dividing such options: The sum result will then be divided between the parties using the equitable distribution criteria. This was the method utilized in Colorado in the case of In re Marriage of Miller. The DeJesus court was persuaded that the Miller type analysis best accommodated the twin tensions between portions of stock plans acquired during the marriage versus those acquired outside of the marriage, and stock plans which are designed to compensate for past services versus those designed to compensate for future services.

However, notwithstanding the complexity of these methods, the danger of rigidity and resulting unfairness from a blind application of a formulaic approach still exists. Such issue was addressed by an Oregon Court which stated that "No one rule will produce a just and proper result in all cases and no one rule will be responsive to many different reasons why stock options are granted.

Can stock options be viewed as income to the employee for support purposes? There is little doubt that stock options constitute a form of compensation earned by the employed spouse during the marriage. Note that options granted in consideration of present services may also be deemed a form of deferred compensation. See In Re Marriage of Short, Wash. A Wisconsin Court of Appeals pointed out that a stock option is not a mere gratuity but is an economic resource comparable to pensions and other employee benefits.

The Appellate Court of Colorado held that for purposes of determining child support, income includes proceeds received by father from actual exercise of father's stock options. The Supreme Court of Colorado held, in the Miller case already referenced above, that "under the Internal Revenue Code, the optionee of a non-statutory employee stock option must recognize income at the time the option is granted if the option has a "readily ascertainable value" at the time of the grant.

If the option does not have a readily ascertainable value at the time of the grant, the optionee recognizes income at the time the option becomes "substantially vested" or no longer subject to a "substantial risk of forfeiture," which generally does not occur until the option is exercised.

The Miller Supreme Court found that unlike pension benefits, employee stock options may well be considered compensation for future services as well as for past and for present services. It is clear that there is a growing trend among the courts of this nation to distribute unvested or non-exercisable stock options that were granted during the marriage. The key factor in such distribution is a determination as to the purpose for which the options were granted, i.

Matrimonial practitioners must be aware of the various forms of time-rule fractions that can be used and the factors that can modify the fraction. Such factors include, but certainly are not limited to the following: Since the majority of employee stock options are non-transferable and cannot be secured as with qualified pensions under federal laws such as ERISA, matrimonial attorneys should specifically tailor their language when drafting agreements concerning such assets.

These agreements should include: The matrimonial attorney involved in a case concerning stock options, especially when representing the non-employed spouse, should be sure to obtain the following information and documents: The information listed herein provides the core information from which option values can be calculated and agreements intelligently reached concerning their distribution.

As we enter the 21st Century, it is clear that matrimonial attorneys will need to become as knowledgeable as possible regarding this unique kind of asset. Hopefully, this article has given some insight into the complexities involved when dealing with Employee Stock Options and Divorce. Email me when someone replies to this comment.

Your Email optional and not shared. Launched simultaneously with Divorce Magazine inDivorceMagazine. Today, the website offers thousands of pages of divorce-related articles, FAQs, podcasts, videos, and targeted advertising. Reproduction in whole or in part without prior written permission is prohibited. Employee Stock Options and Divorce Learn how to determine the value of a stock before you decide whether or not to purchase it or take advantage of your employers stock option incentive.

Expert accountant explains how the stock system works and formulas used to predict its future. Employee Stock Options and Divorce As the stock market continues to rise, divorce attorneys are involved in more and more cases involving stock options. Black-Scholes One method that considers the above-referenced items is the Black-Scholes Method. Increase in Variable Decrease in Variable Stock Price Increase Decrease Exercise Price Decrease Increase Option Life Increase Decrease Risk Free Trade Increase Decrease Dividend Decrease Increase Stock Volatility Increase Decrease A common misconception in the valuation of long term options is that an option value is best represented by its intrinsic value.

Deferred Distribution Upon Exercise of Options Constructive Trust ; Present Valuation with off-set against other assets Where one party argues that a portion of the stock options are non-marital, then an issue arises as to what portion of the stock options whether distributed through method 1 or 2 above, should be granted to the non-employee spouse.

Deferred Distribution Method The Deferred Distribution Method is likely the most common manner in which options are distributed and was utilized in one of the earliest New Jersey cases dealing with stock options incident to divorce, to wit: Present Valuation Method The second mode of distribution is the Present Valuation Method.

Determining the non-employed spouse's distributive share What happens when the employed spouse argues that some of the options are unvested or were otherwise "not acquired during the marriage" and therefore not distributable to the other spouse? The New Jersey Approach New Jersey courts have made it clear that it is necessary to balance the need for definitiveness embodied in the date of complaint rule i.

The Out-of-State Approach Like New Jersey, the majority of states in this country do consider unvested stock options to be property subject to distribution in marital dissolution proceedings. Number of Months from the Date of Grant to December 1, over Number of Months from the Date of Grant to the Date of Vesting and are not Subject to Divestment X Number of Shares to be Vested at that Date of Vesting Since there were eight separate dates of vesting, eight separate coverture factors had to be calculated.

This would be the marital portion; Determine the portion granted as an incentive for future services; the marital share of that portion will be determined by a time rule; and Calculate the portion found to be marital by adding: Conclusion It is clear that there is a growing trend among the courts of this nation to distribute unvested or non-exercisable stock options that were granted during the marriage.

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What You Need to Know About Dividing Stock Options in Divorce

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